Maintaining most of the population, there were the peasants. They were extremely poor. From 1867-1896 the population grew immensely. The increase of 30 million people in less than 30 years caused much distress. The government tried to help, but war got in the way. Second, there was a rise of the industrial working class. These workers were employed in the mines, factories and workshops of the major cities. They suffered low wages, and so housing was poor for many. Once again, like that of the French, inequality led to unfair pay. Lastly, the tsar of Russia was the cause of the failure of collaboration. Tsar Nicholas II was much more interested in his family life, than the importance of the state. He had an obsession with retaining all his privileges and the belief that he was chosen by God to rule. Also, he didn't understand the forces of industrialization and nationalism that were growing throughout Russia at the time. The people began to lose faith.
Political Influence There had been much Irritation when Tsar Nicholas decided to take direct command of army during WWI, leaving his wife head of the government. Tsar Nicholas was blamed for poor condition of army as well as his handling of the War. His unwillingness to grant political reforms, his failure to let Duma be effective, and active attempt to destroy its power, caused all political opposition to become revolutionary. In addition to that, this had lead to the rise of socialist political parties dedicated to overthrowing both Tsarism and capitalism.
The Key Factors: Government & Military Lenin was a strong supporter of Marxian socialism. He believed that capitalism, which had been currently existent, would only disappear with a revolution and this was only possible under certain conditions. The socialism party was split. Lenin’s group did not stay the majority, but he kept the name and developed a disciplined, revolutionary group. Lenin would serve as a very important person in the coming revolution.
Economics
By late 1917, economic problems still existed. The population growth would create a huge deficit for the nation, and so money could not be distributed fairly among the working class. The Government tried to help, but there just wasn't enough that could be done. It was hopeless. This would eventually lead to The Rise of the Soviet Union.
According to an article featured on The History Channel: "By 1917, most Russians had lost faith in the leadership ability of Czar Nicholas II. Government corruption was rampant, the Russian economy remained backward, and Nicholas repeatedly dissolved the Duma, the Russian parliament established after the 1905 revolution, when it opposed his will. However, the immediate cause of the February Revolution–the first phase of the Russian Revolution of 1917–was Russia’s disastrous involvement in World War I (1914-18). Militarily, imperial Russia was no match for industrialized Germany, and Russian casualties were greater than those sustained by any nation in any previous war. Meanwhile, the economy was hopelessly disrupted by the costly war effort, and moderates joined Russian radical elements in calling for the overthrow of the czar."